Math Symbols . . . Those Most Valuable and Important

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Math Symbols:
The Most Valuable and
Important Symbols Used

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Background - why math symbols are used. . .

Symbols are a concise way of giving lengthy instructions related to numbers and logic.

Symbols are an invention, not a discovery. They are a communication tool. Symbols are used to eliminate the need to write long, plain language instructions to describe calculations and other processes.

For example, a single symbol stands for the entire process for addition. The familiar plus sign eliminates the need for a long written explanation of what addition means and how to accomplish it.



The same symbols are used worldwide . . .

           The symbols used in mathematics are universal.  The  
           same math symbols are used throughout the civilized world.     
           In most cases each symbol gives the same clear, precise    
           meaning to every reader, regardless of the language they 
           speak.

The most valuable, most frequently used Symbols in mathematics . . .

           The most important, most frequently used math symbols are  
           listed below.  They are separated into five different categories:  
           Operations (computation), Relation, Grouping, Sets, and 
             Miscellaneous.

Operations Symbols - click description

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$Math - Plus Sign, Positive Sign$

Plus Sign
(Positive Sign)

$Math - Minus Sign, Negative Sign$

Minus Sign
(Negative Sign)

$Math - Multiplication Sign, Cross Product$

Multiplication Sign
(Cross Product
of two vectors)

$Math - Multiplication Dot, Dot Product$

Multiplication Dot
(Dot Product)

$Math - Asterisk (multiplication sign)$

Multiplication Asterisk
(Multiplication Sign)

$Math - Division Sign$

Division Sign

$Math - Forward Slash (division sign)$

Forward Slash
(division sign)

$Math - Fraction Bar (division)$

Fraction Bar
(division)

Relation Symbols - click description

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$Math - Proportionality Sign$

Proportionality Sign

$Math - Ratio (Division)$

Ratio
(Division)

$Math - Equal Sign$

Equal Sign

$Math - Not Equal to (inequality)$

Not Equal

$Math - Not Equal to (inequality)$

Not Equal to
(inequality)

$Math - Greater Than (inequality)$

Greater Than
(inequality)

$Math - Less Than (inequality)$

Less Than
(inequality)

$Math - Much Greater Than (inequality)$

Much Greater Than
(inequality)

$Math - Much Less Than (inequality)$

Much Less Than
(inequality)

$Math - Greater Than or Equal to (Inequality Symbol)$

Greater Than
or Equal to
(Inequality Symbol)

$Math - Less Than or Equal to (Inequality Symbol)$

Less Than
or Equal to
(Inequality Symbol)

$Math - Approximately Equal Sign$

Approximately Equal
Symbol

$Math - Similarity Sign$

Similarity Sign

$Math - Congruent$

Congruent Symbol

Grouping Symbols (delimiters) - click description

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$Math - Parentheses Symbols (also called Round Brackets)$

Parentheses Symbols
(also called
"Round Brackets")

$Math - Square Brackets (also called Box Brackets)$

Square Brackets
(also called
"Box Brackets")

$Math - Curly Brackets (also called Braces)$

Curly Brackets
(also called
"Braces")

$Math - Overbar Symbol (also called a Vinculum)$

Overbar Symbol
(also called
a "Vinculum",
or an "Overline")

$Vertical Lines (Absolute Value Bars)$

Vertical Lines
("Absolute Value" Bars)

$Math - Angle Brackets$

Angle Brackets

$Nested Groupings (nested Brackets)$

Nested Groupings
("nested Brackets" ...
... Parentheses,
inside Parentheses")

Math Symbols for Set Notation - click description

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$Math - Brace Symbols used to Identify Sets$

Brace Symbols
(used to
Identify Sets)

$Math - Null Set$

Null Set
(nothing included
in the
Set)

$Math - Symbol for Element of a Set$

Element of a Set
("element" of set [on left];
"complete set" [on right])

$Math - Symbol for NOT Element of a Set$

NOT Element
of a Set

$Math - Symbol for PROPER Subset (left) of Set (right)$

"Proper"
Subset (left)
of Set (right)
(the "Proper" Subset [left] is
only a part of the Set [right])

$Math - Symbol for NOT Subset (left) of Set (right)$

NOT Proper
Subset (left)
of Set (right)

$Math - Symbol for PROPER or IMPROPER Subset (left) of Set (right)$

"Proper" or "Improper"
Subset (left)
of Set (right)
("Improper Subset": the
Subset [left] and the
Set [right] are the same)

$Math - (Another) Symbol for PROPER Subset (left) of Set (right)$

"Proper"
Subset (left)
of Set (right)
(same meaning as
symbol directly above)

$Math - Symbol for Subset (right) of Set (left)$

"Proper"
Subset (right)
of Set (left)
(the Set [left] is
also called a Superset)

$Symbol for PROPER or IMPROPER Subset (right) of Set (left)$

"Proper" or "Improper"
Subset (right)
of Set (left)

$Math - (another) Symbol for PROPER Subset (right) of Set (left)$

"Proper"
Subset (right)
of Set (left)

$Math - Symbol for UNION of Two Sets$

UNION
of Two Sets

$Math - Symbol for INTERSECTION of Two Sets$

INTERSECTION
of Two Sets

$Math - Specialized Set Notations N (natural numbers), Z (integers), Q (rational numbers), and R (real numbers)$

Specialized Set Notations
(N [natural numbers], Z [integers],
Q [rational numbers],
and R [real numbers])

Miscellaneous Symbols - click description

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$Math - Ellipsis Symbol$

Ellipsis

$Math - Plus-Minus$

Plus-Minus Symbol

$Math - Symbol for Infinity (Undefined)$

Infinity (Undefined)

$Math - Symbol for Square Root$

Square Root

$Math - Symbol for Percent$

Percent

$Math - Symbol for Function of x$

Function of x

$Math - Symbol for Factorial$

Factorial

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